If I understand well you want to have the same OS, software, configuration and files on different devices.

You could have a look at nixos.

I’m doing something similar, I have a computer in my office for work and a laptop at home for personal use and a bit of work.

I have a config shared between the two computers, they share similar modules but also have their own specificities.

This way when I configure VSCode for example I get the configuration synced on both.

For synching my files I’m using a synology NAS.